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Infertility generally means the inability of a woman to get pregnant after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse or six months of unprotected intercourse if the woman is 35 years or older.
If a woman keep having miscarriages, it is also called infertility.
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There are many causes of infertility such as:
[1] AGE: If a woman is 35 years or older the numbers of quality eggs [follicles] she produces reduces, so reducing her fertility status.
[2] SMOKING: This has been found to affect a woman’s hormone and affect her ovulation.
[3] SEXUALLY TRANSMITTTED DISEASES: These infections cause damages to the womb, fallopian tubes and the ovaries, making it difficult for the woman to conceive.
[4] BODY WEIGHT AND EATING DISORDER: If a woman is fat or obese, the extra fat cells produce excess hormones that can affect her fertility .
If she is thin, she produces less fertility hormones, so becoming infertile.
[5] OVARIAN FACTOR: Such as polycystic ovaries, anovulation, premature menopause, endometriosis, and pelvic adhesions.One or all of these conditions if present can seriously affect the ovaries and cause infertility.
[6] UTERINE FACTOR: Congenital and acquired uterine malformations, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, Asherman’s syndrome and uterine cavity scarring can adversely affect a woman’s fertility.
[7] CERVICAL FACTOR: Cervical stenosis, nonreceptive cervical mucus, antisperm antibodies can adversely affect the male sperms entering the uterus.
[8] TUBAL FACTOR: Endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal dysfunction, tubal occlusions including mucus plug can block the fallopian tubes making it impossible for the sperms to reach the eggs so causing infertility.
[9] VAGINAL FACTOR: Vaginismus and vaginal obstruction including septum.
[10] MALE FACTOR: Low sperm count.
Looking at these causes of infertility, the best way to go around or through them to get pregnant is to run appropriate tests such as:
[1] LAB TESTS
[A] HORMONE TESTING: Many tests are available to help diagnose the cause of infertility in females. Blood tests are a major part of this testing. Blood tests for female infertility mainly measure the levels of various hormones. Various hormones, such as estrogen, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone, all affect each other in complex ways. If one of these hormone levels is abnormal, other hormones will probably have abnormal levels as well.
[B] HVS and PAP SMEAR: Used to check out for infection
[C] POST COITAL TEST: A postcoital test checks a woman's cervical mucus after sex to see whether sperm are present and moving normally. This test may be used if a woman is not able to become pregnant (infertility) and other tests have not found a cause.
[D] SEMEN ANALYSIS: A semen analysis measures the amount of semen a man produces and determines the number and quality of sperm in the semen sample.
A semen analysis is usually one of the first tests done to help determine whether a man has a problem fathering a child (infertility).
[2] TRANSVAGINAL SCAN : A pelvic ultrasound scan (or a transvaginal ultrasound scan) is a relatively painless fertility test to test for female infertility - it enables your doctor to examine the structure of your internal organs and detect possible obstacles to getting pregnant.
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Types of Ultrasounds used in Infertility Treatments
There are two main types of ultrasounds used during infertility treatment. You will probably undergo both procedures numerous times.
Abdominal Ultrasound
The abdominal ultrasound, or pelvic ultrasound, is the one that most people are familiar with. It is commonly used during pregnancy to check on the health of your baby. For infertility treatment, abdominal ultrasound is used to assess the overall health of your reproductive system. It can locate:
[1]uterine fibroids
[2]cysts
[3]endometriosis
[4]polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
What Happens During an Abdominal Ultrasound?
During an abdominal ultrasound, an ultrasound probe will be moved over your stomach. Ultrasound gel will be rubbed over your belly to facilitate the movement of the probe. In order to produce the best picture possible, you will have to go into the procedure with a full bladder. This helps to push the bowel away from your uterus, providing a better image. It also aids in transmitting the sound waves produced by the ultrasound machine. Though an abdominal ultrasound is far from painful, it can be uncomfortable because your bladder is full.
Transvaginal Ultrasound
The transvaginal ultrasound is used to assess the health of your harder-to-see reproductive organs, including:
[1]your cervix
[2]your fallopian tubes
[3]your ovaries
The vaginal ultrasound is also an essential part of assisted reproductive treatments, especially IVF and IUI. It is used to analyze the health of the eggs in your ovaries and it is also helpful in determining how your follicles are responding to hormone treatment. Transvaginal ultrasound is also used to determine when to induce ovulation during IVF treatment.
What Happens During a Transvaginal Ultrasound?
During a transvaginal ultrasound, an ultrasound probe is inserted into your vagina. This is not painful, and feels very much like a tampon. Ultrasound waves emitted by the probe travel up your vagina and bounce off your ovaries. This provides your reproductive specialist with a very clear image of your eggs and ovaries. You do not need to have a full bladder during your transvaginal ultrasounds.
Using Ultrasounds in Infertility Treatments
Ultrasounds are used frequently during infertility treatments and procedures. They are often used in order to monitor the growth of egg follicles and to determine when procedures should be completed.
Ultrasounds in IUI and IVF
Ultrasounds are commonly used throughout different periods in infertility treatments like IUI and IVF.
After Hormone Treatment
After initial hormone injections are given, ultrasound is used to monitor follicular growth and development. Your doctor will use a transvaginal ultrasound in order to count the number of follicles in your ovaries and to assess their size and health. This will help your doctor to decide when it is time to give you hCG in order to stimulate ovulation. Ultrasound is also used to monitor for hyperstimulation syndrome, a condition in which the ovaries become overstimulated by hormone therapy and swell to large sizes.
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After Ovulation
After your follicles have been stimulated to ovulate, your doctor will perform another ultrasound. This ultrasound will be used in order to detect when your developed eggs will be released.
[3] ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY
An endometrial biopsy is performed by inserting a catheter through the woman's cervix and into the uterus where the doctor will collect a sample of the uterine lining. The doctor will be testing to see if the uterine lining responds normally to progesterone, which is why endometrial biopsy and infertility go hand in hand. An endometrial biopsy can also be performed to test abnormal uterine bleeding, which can also be caused by a hormone imbalance.
[4] HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAM [HSG]: This determines if the fallopian tubes are open or blocked and whether a blockage is located at the junction of the tube and uterus (proximal) or whether it is at the other end of the fallopian tube (distal). These are the areas where the tube is most commonly blocked.
The uterine cavity is evaluated for the presence of congenital uterine anomalies, polyps, fibroid tumors or uterine scar tissue.
The fallopian tubes are also examined for defects within them, for suggestion of partial blockage, and for evidence of pelvic scar tissue in the abdominal cavity near the tubes.
[5] SCROTAL SCAN: Scrotal ultrasound can be helpful in determining whether azoospermia[low or nil sperm count] is non-obstructive or obstructive because it can directly detect abnormalities in the mediastinum testis, epididymis, and the proximal vas deferens. It can also show secondary changes due to obstructive abnormalities in the distal genital duct. Epididymal abnormalities associated with obstruction include tubular ectasia, enlarged hypoechoic foci (suggestive of inflammatory masses), and abrupt tapering from the head to body or mid- to distal portions of the epididymis. Cysts may also be identified within the mediastinum testis.
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JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX, Ikotun Lagos Nigeria, offer comprehensive infertility screening tests for both couples like Transvaginal Scan for uterine and ovarian functions,Ovulation/follicular tracking, HSG to evaluate the fallopian tubes, blood tests for hormone check, semen analysis etc. We also offer a simple assisted reproductive procedure like INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION [IUI].
For accurate assessment of your fertility situation, contact us at JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX, Ikotun Lagos Nigeria.
For FREE Consultation and FREE Counseling. Also for Quality and Accurate Medical Diagnostic Tests Contact
JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX
JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX-------WE ARE AN ULTRAMODERN MEDICAL IMAGING CENTER. WE ARE EXPERTS IN ULTRASOUND SCAN SERVICES, 3D/4D COLOUR DOPPLER SCAN SERVICES, X-RAY/RADIOLOGY SERVICES, ECG SERVICES, INFERTILITY SERVICES, HSG SERVICES, LABORATORY SERVICES,BLOOD BANKING SERVICES , DNA SERVICES, AND HEALTH CONSULTANCY/COUNSELLING SERVICES.
We are located at
JOAS HOUSE, 2, Okesuna Street,
Opposite The Synagogue Church Busstop,
Bolorunpelu, Ikotun, Lagos
Postcode: 100265
TEL:
08032509975,08184590752,
08058166504,
08064981455
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